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gov.sg). Obtained 26 February 2017. As Wu Wei Neng (2012) notes: "17th century Amsterdam was the world's first modern-day monetary centre the city hall, Wisselbank, Beurs (stock market), Korenbeurs (commodities exchange), major insurance, brokerage and trading business lay within a few blocks of each other, together with coffee homes which acted as casual trading floors and exchanges that facilitated deal-making. Financial innovations such as maritime insurance, retirement pensions, annuities, futures and options, transnational securities listings, mutual funds and modern-day investment banking had their genesis in 17th and 18th century Amsterdam." [] Sylla, Richard (2015 ). "Financial Development, Corporations, and Inequality". (BHC-EBHA Fulfilling) Gelderblom, Oscar; Jonker, Joost (2004 ) - How to finance an investment property.
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( Routledge, 2013, 0415716179) Sayle, Murray (5 April 2001). " Japan goes Dutch". 23 (7 ). pp. 37. Murray Sayle (2001 ): "The Netherlands United East Indies Company (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC), founded in 1602, was the world's very first international, joint-stock, restricted liability corporation in addition to its very first government-backed trading cartel. Our own East India Company, established in 1600, remained a coffee-house inner circle till 1657, when it, too, began offering shares, not in private voyages, but in the Company itself, by which time its Dutch competitor was by far the biggest company the world had known." Phelan, Ben (7 January 2013).